Label:
Jumat, 08 Maret 2013
Fungsi, Jenis, Macam-macam, dan Contoh Question Words (Kalimat Tanya)
Pengertian dan Fungsi Question Words
Question words (Kata Tanya) digunakan untuk menanyakan tentang jumlah yang
spesifik, waktu, tempat, orang, dll. Question words (kata tanya) ini
berbeda dengan yes/ no questions, contohnya: “Do you like coffee? “
Ada banyak kata
dalam bahasa inggris yang digunakan khususnya untuk membuat kalimat tanya,
kata-kata ini disebut dengan “question
words” (kata tanya). Terkadang dalam materi bahasa inggris kita mengenalnya
dengan “WH question words” karena kata-kata Tanya tersebut diawali
dengan huruf “W” dan “H”.
Jenis Question Words
Ada 2 jenis
kalimat tanya (question words), yakni:
1.
WH question words
2.
Yes/ no
questions
Macam-macam, Fungsi dan Contoh Question Words
Perhatikan tabel
di bawah ini:
Question
Words
|
Fungsi
|
Contoh
Kalimat
|
what
|
Menanyakan informasi tentang sesuatu.
|
What is your name?
|
Menanyakan pengulangan, menanyakan kenapa.
|
What? I can't hear you.You did what?
|
|
what...for
|
Menanyakan alasan,
menanyakan kenapa.
|
What did you do that for?
|
when
|
Menanyakan tentang waktu
|
When did he leave?
|
where
|
Menanyakan posisi atau tempat.
|
Where do they live?
|
which
|
Menanyakan tentang pilihan.
|
Which colour do you want?
|
who
|
Menanyakan subject orang.
|
Who opened the door?
|
whom
|
Menanyakan object orang.
|
Whom did you see?
|
whose
|
Menanyakan tentang kepemilikan.
|
Whose are these keys? Whose turn is it?
|
why
|
Menanyakan alasan.
|
Why do you say that?
|
why
don't
|
Memberikan saran.
|
Why don't I help you?
|
how
|
Menyakan tentang cara.
|
How does this work?
|
Menanyakan tentang kondisi atau jumlah.
|
How was your exam?
|
|
how
+ adj/adv
|
Menanyakan tingkatan
|
Perhatikan
contoh di bawah ini:
|
how
far
|
Jarak
|
How far is Pattaya from Bangkok?
|
how
long
|
Panjang (waktu atau ruang)
|
How long will it take?
|
how
many
|
Jumlah (countable)
|
How many cars are there?
|
how
much
|
Jumlah (uncountable)
|
How much money do you have?
|
how
old
|
Umur
|
How old are you?
|
how
come (informal)
|
Menanyakan alasan,
menanyakan kenapa.
|
How come I can't see her?
|
Arti dan Contoh Question Words
Question
Words
|
Arti
|
Contoh
Kalimat
|
who
|
Orang
|
Who's
that? That's Nancy.
|
where
|
Tempat
|
Where
do you live? In Boston
|
why
|
Alasan
|
Why
do you sleep early? Because I've got to get up early
|
when
|
Waktu
|
When
do you go to work? At 7:00
|
how
|
Cara
|
How
do you go? By car
|
what
|
Object, ide atau
tindakan
|
What
do you do? I am an engineer
|
which
|
Pilihan
|
Which
one do you prefer? The red one.
|
whose
|
Kepemilikan
|
Whose
is this book? It's Alan's.
|
whom
|
Object dari kata kerja
|
Whom
did you meet? I met the manager.
|
what kind
|
Deskripsi/
gambaran
|
What
kind of music do you like? I like quiet songs
|
what time
|
Waktu
|
What
time did you come home?
|
how many
|
Jumlah
(countable)
|
How
many students are there? There are twenty.
|
how much
|
Jumlah/
kwantitas, harga (uncountable)
|
How
much time have we got? Ten minutes
|
how long
|
Durasi,
panjang
|
How
long did you stay in that hotel? For two weeks.
|
how often
|
Frekwensi
|
How
often do you go to the gym? Twice a week.
|
how far
|
Jarak
|
How
far is your school? It's one mile far.
|
how old
|
Umur
|
How
old are you? I'm 16.
|
how come
|
Alasan
|
How
come I didn't see at the party?
|
Jika anda ingin
menanyakan tentang subject dari suatu kalimat, langsung saja tambahkan kata
Tanya pada awal kalimat. Contohnya:
Shelly buys new car. – Who buys new car?
Jika anda
menanyakan tentang predicate dari
suatu kalimat (bagian dari kalimat yang mengandung kata kerja dan memberikan
informasi tentang subject), ada 3
pilihan:
1. Jika ada kata kerja bantu (auxiliary verb)
yang mendahului kata kerja utama (seperti: can,
is, are, was, were, will, would, … etc), silahkan tambahkan kata tanya
kemudian diikuti dengan kata kerja bantu (auxiliary
verb) dan subject. Contohnya:
He can speak Japanese. – What can he
speak?
They are working tonight. – When are they
working?
2. Jika anda menanyakan predicate tetapi tidak
ada kata kerja bantu-nya (auxiliary verb) dan hanya ada “to be”, silahkan tambahkan kata tanya kemudian diikuti dengan to be dan subject. Contohnya:
The play was interesting. – How was the
play?
3. Jika tidak ada kata kerja bantu (auxiliary
verb) pada predicate dan kata kerja
utama bukanlah berupa “to be”,
silahkan tambahkan kata kerja bantu “do/ does” dalam bentuk yang sesuai.
Contohnya:
They go to the movies every Saturday. – When do
they go to the movies?
He wakes up early. – When does he
wake up?
Tom sent a
letter. – What did they send?
